Jane Austen Critical Analysis - 1220 Words

There is a difference between a good book that simply entertains the reader, and a good book that impacts the reader. What an author chooses to focus on in their writing can be the factor that outlines the difference between the two. An author’s style outlines the differences that set them apart from other authors. Writing style is also what defines the author and characterizes their writing. Style often remains unchanged and reflects a writer’s beliefs which are often displayed through their work’s content or theme. In the case of Jane Austen, an eighteenth-nineteenth century novelist, writing style and theme are two things she is most admired and remembered for. Austen’s main themes encompass her views of the roles and values of women,†¦show more content†¦As writing did tend to be a male dominated field, a woman author, in this instance Austen, had limited options, not of what she could write but in exactly how she chose to express her opinions or ideas in her writing if she wanted to avoid controversy. â€Å"Austen continued to negotiate the perils of appearing to be too independent or critical of her patriarchal culture while still asserting her own voice within the novels themselves. On the level of plot, Austen subverted her somewhat progressive themes by working within a well-known framework. She inherited the form of the traditional marriage plot, where a heroine’s ultimate goal was to marry the ideal man and live happily ever after, from previous romance novelists† (Eberle, 3). The view of society was that even in an instance where a woman was fully capable of taking care of herself, she would always have vulnerabilities where as a man was viewed to have few to none. In Austen’s day and age men were most often considered to be superior to women socially, economically and intellectually. Pride and prejudice had much evidence of these inequalities. Men were the only ones entitled to inherit prop erty as demonstrated in the Bennet’s main dilemma with Mr. Collins being the designated inheritor of the Bennet estate over the Bennet daughters. In Darcy and Elizabeth’sShow MoreRelated A Character Analysis of Elizabeth Bennet Essay examples1591 Words   |  7 PagesA Character Analysis of Elizabeth Bennet Throughout Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice , there are many references to the unusual character of Elizabeth Bennet ; she is seen to be an atypical female during those times. Wit , bravery , independence , and feminist views all describe a most extraordinary model for women. Pride and Prejudice is a humorous novel about the trials of marrying well in the early eighteenth century. ItRead MoreJane Austen s All About Jane1442 Words   |  6 PagesAbout Jane Jane Austen may be a name that is known by everyone, however, many do not know about the personal experiences that led her to write the significant literature that she is known for today. Jane Austen lived a very successful life. Born on December 16, 1775, Jane Austen’s novels about life in England in the eighteenth century very well influenced by her own childhood. As a young girl, she grew up in a household with six brothers and one sister, her mother, Cassandra Leigh Austen, and herRead MoreEssay on Jane Austen Novels: Success After Death1679 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen Novels: Success after Death Chuck Leddy, a notable critic, stated Upon her death in 1817, English novelist Jane Austen was completely unknown in the literary world. Why would someone as brilliant as Jane Austen not be world known? By 1817, Austen had already published one of her masterpieces Sense and Sensibility, and it seemed to not bring in as much success as it would later on in life. But the dry spell would eventually end. Two hundred years after Jane Austens death, her booksRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Pride and Prejudice Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesPride and Prejudice The characters and general setting in Jane Austens; Pride and Prejudice, portray life in the rural society of the day. Austen is very clear in setting up the social classes of the characters and immediately portrays why the book is titled Pride and Prejudice. Though the more specific example of Pride and Prejudice is that of Elizabeth and Darcy, and how they first view each other. There initial feelings towards one another set the plot of the novel. It is this constantRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen994 Words   |  4 Pages8/24/15 Pride and Prejudice Letter Analysis In Jane Austen s dialogue heavy novel Pride and Prejudice, much of each page is consumed by in depth conversations between her characters; only infrequently does she break to a narrative to make asides about the story. With a style of writing such as this, it is quite difficult as a writer to portray the private inner thoughts of characters. In order to provide this necessary element of inner character thought, Jane Austen makes use of written letters toRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Emma By Jane Austen1648 Words   |  7 PagesRachel :)))) Mrs. Keyes AP Literature 12 8 December 2015 A Literary Analysis of Emma by Jane Austen In Jane Austen’s novel, Emma, protagonist Emma avoids her own transformation by her attempts to transform others. However, Emma experiences her coming-of-age through the stable characters of those around her. Austen reveals how self-transformation is necessary in maturing and establishing self-awareness. Emma Woodhouse possesses qualities that many would envy: beauty, intelligence, wealthRead More Pride and Prejudice and Jane Eyre: Love and Characterization2663 Words   |  11 Pagesmore reserved. Though a love can be expressed differently, this does not mean the people involved love each other any less. There are countless novels that focus on the love between characters, and each character loves differently. In Jane Eyre, Mr. Rochester and Jane have an impassioned affair, this affair is cut short by Jane’s realization that Mr.Rochester already has ties to another woman. In Pride and Prejudice, it is clear that Elizabeth Bennet and Fitzwilliam Darcy love each other very deeplyRead MoreFeminist Undertones in Pride and Prejudice2078 Words   |  9 PagesFEMINIST UNDERTONES IN ‘PRIDE AND PREJUDICE’ Introduction Jane Austen authored the novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’ in 1813, a period in the social history of England that saw most women as best equipped for the private and domestic realm. An ideal woman was the picture of chastity, innocence and compliancy. Even women authors in this period were expected to adhere to genres that were considered to be solely their domain- the refined arts, householdRead MorePride and Prejudice: Influences on Society1873 Words   |  8 PagesAs Jane Austen says, â€Å"a lady’s imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony in a moment. I knew you would be wishing me joy† (26). Today, for most people, love comes first in the process of matrimony— followed by the actual marriage. Women living in the 1800s have only wealth in mind when deciding who to marry; which is entirely different from individuals today, who consider various aspects of a person other than material objects. In Jane Aust en’s PrideRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1702 Words   |  7 Pageswhile reciprocally, men are hoping to find a wife for a potential financial benefit or property gain. Unfortunately, love is simply considered to be a bonus and Austen is horrified by this lack of consideration of people being unable to find their true loves because they are so focused on material circumstances. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen illuminates the literary theme of marriage by contrasting extrinsic motivation with romantic connections through the relationships between Mr. and Mrs. Bennet

Why Are University Writing Courses Required For College...

Why are university writing courses required for college students? Throughout the United States, most college students are required to take a writing course within their first year. It has been debated that this class is only useful to those students within a writing based major. University writing courses offer useful information and techniques to all students. This information can be beneficial to all students and is not major specific. University writing courses present techniques which students can apply within a professional environment such as forwarding, countering, and the idea that writing is context dependent. Through the application of appropriate concepts from a university writing course, students can become overall better writers within their specialized major. College students must endure the heavy workload that comes with each of the classes that they take. While these classes all require different skills to be successful in them, they also share some of the same required skills as well. One of the most important skills to have as a student is to have strong reading and writing skills. While students may use mathematics, problem solving, and reasoning skills, the most important skill they will use is writing. Students often question why they need to take a university writing course. Statements such as, â€Å"Why do I need to take another writing course?† or â€Å"How is this going to help me with my major† can often be heard by students. You tooShow MoreRelatedGeneral Education Courses: No Need for Them Essay1114 Words   |  5 PagesEducation Courses: No Need for Them General Education courses may be one of the most hated requirements in college by students. These courses are required amongst all college students regardless of one’s major or minor. General Education courses may vary with schools but usually consist of: the arts and humanities, social science, natural science, mathematics, and writing. These courses should be optional; students should be able to take them at their own interest such as with elective courses. WithoutRead MoreMy Career Goals For A Surgical Missionary1256 Words   |  6 Pagesevery class is going to require some type of writing at some point. Furthermore, in the fall of 2017, I plan on attending the University of Alabama and majoring in International Studies while on the pre-med track. Therefore, good college level writing is a skill that I need to develop now if I hope to reach my future career goals and be successful throughout my entire college experience. That is why throughout this semester I have been ha ppy to see my writing improve as I have demonstrated my abilityRead MoreGraduation Speech : School, Middle School And High School870 Words   |  4 Pagesshare one thing in common; they offer the same basic history, math, English, science, and social science course. By the time high school comes around students have already learned the same things again but only this time it is harder and more in depth. College becomes a time that a student really begins to learn about what they want to do with the rest of their lives. When applying to college, applicants don’t apply to learn math, English, history, and science. They apply to learn just math, EnglishRead MoreHow The Writing Composed Within Academic Settings Can Best Be Described?1016 Words   |  5 PagesThe writing composed in academic settings can best be described as demonstrate what we have learned. 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When students graduate from high school and enter college, they will be shocked by the fact that most colleges expect students to be able to write serious academic papers of at least

Effect of Lemongrass free essay sample

Third world connotes a certain level of economic condition that somehow pushed and motivated some Filipinos to look alternative ways to economize in almost every aspect of life to survive. One of the biggest problems of our country is the fast spread of diseases such as dengue fever. Dengue fever is caused by mosquitoes. It is a common knowledge that mosquitoes came from wrigglers. It is an acute illness of sudden onset that usually follows a benign course with symptoms such as headache, fever, exhaustion, severe muscle and joint pain, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy), and rash. And so, to prevent these mosquitoes from multiplying rapidly, this research aims to discover practical and natural way of terminating these pests. Statement of the Problem This study will be conducted towards the effectiveness of lemongrass and pandan water extracts in reducing wriggler’s life span. Specifically, it was geared to: 1. Determine if lemongrass and pandan can be an effective tool in preventing the fast development of wrigglers. 2. Compare the life span of wrigglers in the treatments with lemongrass and pandan water extracts against the treatment with water only. 3. Compare the mortality rate of wriggler’s in the treatments with lemongrass and pandan water extracts against the treatment with water only. Hypotheses: 1. Lemongrass and pandan can be an effective tool in preventing the fast development of wrigglers. 2. The life span of wrigglers in the treatments with lemongrass and pandan water extracts is lesser against the treatment with water only. 3. One hundred percent of the wrigglers in the treatment with lemongrass and pandan water extracts will be dead. Significance of the Study It was stated earlier that one of the best ways in controlling pests is through the use of insecticides or pesticides. These pest-controlling products are mainly made up of chemicals. But, there is a serious effect in our environment when it comes to the improper use of these chemicals. It contributes to air pollution and is harmful to everyone’s health. It is, therefore, significant to use alternatives and practical ways to stop use of chemicals and learn to make use of them in such a way that our environment as well as our health will not be affected. Scope and Limitation The scope of this study is to use pandan and lemongrass as alternative control method for chemical insecticides in controlling the development of mosquito larvae in our environment and household. The experiment was conducted in San Pablo City National High School from November to December 2010. Definition of Terms Mortality rate- is a measure of the number of deaths in some population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit time Lemongrass is a commercially-viable plant that is cultivated mainly for the fragrance that it produces Pandan most predominantly used in the Southeast Asian cooking and is upright with fan shaped sprays like structure of leaves that are narrow and blade-like Life span is the expected number of years of life remaining at a given. Lemongrass is native to Malaysia, and is an important ingredient in Southeast Asian cooking. It is a tender perennial with a mild lemony fragrance and a lemon-citrus type taste. The stalks are too tough to eat, but they can be chopped and pounded to add flavor to fish or poultry sauces, and stir fry. It has long, thin, sharp grass-like gray-green leaves, and a scallion-like base. It grows to up to 6 feet under ideal conditions in the tropics, and to about 3 feet in more northerly climates, so use it as a mid to back of the border plant. It makes a nice contrasting backdrop for most any shorter annual or perennial flower or herb. It is native to India. It is widely used as an herb in Asian cuisine. It has a citrus flavor and can be dried and powdered, or used fresh. Lemongrass is commonly used in teas, soups, and curries. It is also suitable for poultry, fish, and seafood. Lemongrass oil is used as a pesticide and a preservative. Research shows that lemongrass oil has anti-fungal properties. Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) Pandanus a. is a genus of monocots with about 600 known species. Plants vary in size from small shrubs less than 1  metre (3. 3 ft) tall, up to medium-sized trees 20  metres (66 ft) tall, typically with a broad canopy and moderate growth rate. The trunk is stout, wide-branching, and ringed with many leaf scars. They commonly have many thick prop roots near the base, which provide support as the tree grows top-heavy with leaves, fruit, and branches. The leaves are strap-shaped, varying between species from 30  centimetres (12 in) up to 2  metres (6. 6 ft) or more long, and from 1.   centimetres (0. 59 in) up to 10  centimetres (3. 9 in) broad. It is a tropical plant in the screwpine genus which is known commonly as pandan and is used widely in Southeast Asian cooking as a flavoring. The plant is rare in the wild but is widely cultivated. It is an upright green plant with fan-shaped sprays of long, narrow, bladelike leaves and woody aerial roots. The plant is sterile, flowers only very rarely, and is propagated by cuttings. The leaves are used either fresh or wilted, and are commercially available in frozen form in Asian grocery stores in nations where the plant does not grow. They have a nutty, botanical fragrance which enhances the flavor of Indonesian, Singaporean, Filipino, Malaysian, Thai, Bangladeshi, Vietnamese and Burmese foods, especially rice dishes and cakes. In the Philippines, pandan leaves are being cooked along with rice to incorporate the flavor and smell to it. As can be observed, the uses of the pandan are not limited to cooking uses. Its leaves and roots are found to have medicinal benefits. Such parts of the plant have been found to have essential oils, tannin, alkaloids and glycosides, which are the reasons for the effective treatment of various health concerns. It functions as a pain reliever, mostly for headaches and pain caused by arthritis, and even hangover. It can also be used as antiseptic and anti-bacterial, which makes it ideal for healing wounds. In the same manner, a preparation derived from the bark of this plant may be used to address skin problems. Many people have also discovered that it is an effective remedy for cough. In India, pandan leaves are being used to treat skin disorders like leprosy and smallpox. In Hawaii, pandan flowers are being chewed by mothers who later give the chewed flowers to their children, as laxative. The juice extracted from pounded roots of this tree is used and mixed with other ingredients to ease chest pains. Also, it is used as tonic for women who have just given birth and who are still in weak states. Pandan flowers have also been traced with characteristics that function as aphrodisiac. Pandan also manifests anti-cancer activities, and that is why modern researches in the United States have subjected this plant for further experiments and investigation (http://www. philippineherbalmedicine. org/pandan. htm). Mosquito (Aedes aegypti) Mosquito is a common insect in the family Culicidae. Mosquitoes resemble crane flies (family Tipulidae) and chironomid flies (family Chironomidae), with which they are sometimes confused by the casual observer. They go through four stages in their life-cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult or imago. Adult females lay their eggs in standing water, which can be a salt-marsh, a lake, a puddle, a natural reservoir on a plant, or an artificial water container such as a plastic bucket. The first three stages are aquatic and last 5–14 days, depending on the species and the ambient temperature; eggs hatch to become larvae, then pupae. The adult mosquito emerges from the pupa as it floats at the water surface. Adults live for 4–8 weeks. There are about 3,500 species of mosquitoes found throughout the world. In some species of mosquito, the females feed on humans, and are therefore vectors for a number of infectious diseases affecting millions of people per year. The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti is a mosquito that can spread the dengue fever, Chikungunya and yellow fever viruses, and other diseases. The mosquito can be recognized by white markings on legs and a marking in the form of a lyre on the thorax. The mosquito originated in Africabut is now found in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Aedes aegypti is a vector for transmitting yellow fever. Understanding how the mosquito detects its host is a crucial step in the spread of the disease. Aedes aegypti are attracted to chemical compounds that are emitted by mammals. These compounds include ammonia, carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and octenol. Scientists at the Agricultural Research Service have studied the specific chemical structure of ocentol in order to better understand why this chemical attracts the mosquito to its host. They found that the mosquito has a preference for â€Å"right-handed† octenol molecules. The term â€Å"right-handed† refers to the specific orientation of the molecule, which can either be â€Å"right-handed† or â€Å"left –handed. † This discovery helps scientists understand how the mosquito seeks out its host and may enable them to develop more effective forms of mosquito repellant.

Child abuse and Neglect

Question: Discuss about the Child abuse and Neglect. Answer: Introduction: Child abuse is the maltreatment in which a child is physically, sexually and emotionally harassed or neglected either by parents or caregiver. The actions and failure to act by the parents or the caregivers would result in physical harm, emotional or psychological distress (Damashek and Chaffin 2012). The child maltreatment includes the neglect, physical or sexual abuse, emotional abuse or exploitation (Sperry and Widom 2013). According to World Health Organization, child abuse is defined as the physical and emotional ill treatment, negligence or exploitation that affects the childs health, development, survival or dignity in context to relationships with parents or caregivers (World Health Organization 2014). World Health Organization recognizes child abuse as a major global problem that is impairing the lifelong physical and mental well being affecting their physical and social development (Stoltenborgh, Bakermans-Kranenburg and van IJzendoorn 2013). World Health Organization has d eveloped step wise policy development to prevent child abuse or neglect. There are several phases for the development of policy for child abuse or neglect. There are three main phases involving the planning, designing and leading of the policy, formulation of the policy, approval and proper endorsement of the policy tools (Gerston 2014). The policy development requires workforce, alternate care for children, and better access to resources of health to the children and the families for the implementation of protective services that are effective for the children (Hill 2014). The policy area also focuses on the justice system operating towards the victims of child abuse or health. The part one is the setting up the scene for studying the importance of development of policies for the child abuse or neglect. This phase also covers the relation of the policy to legislation, general considerations regarding the scope and demand for the child abuse or neglect prevention policy (Anderson 2014). It also takes into account the existing policies on child abuse or neglect mainstreaming and generation of policy on child abuse or neglect. The part two is the actual development of policy in response to child abuse or neglect (Birkland 2014). In the phase one, the initiation of the process of policy development takes place. It is a multi stage process. Firstly, there is assessment of the situation. It includes the statistics, global burden of child abuse or neglect and the overall scenario of child abuse affecting globally. Secondly, after the assessment, there is creation of awareness regarding the child abuse or neglect. During the third step, there is identification of l eadership and political commitment. The fourth step consists of the involvement of the stakeholders and creation of ownership. The phase two encompasses of the formulation of the policy (Kickbusch and Gleicher 2012). This phase consists of three steps; the first step comprises of the defining the framework, the second step is the setting of objectives and goals and the selection of intervention strategies to prevent the child abuse or neglect and the third step is the ensuring of the policy leading to action. The third phase is the seeking of approval from different stakeholders, government and endorsements from the state. Set up of the scene Child abuse is a serious offence and thousands of children fall a prey to abuse or neglect. Victims of child abuse suffer difficulties in their lives and hamper their physical, emotional and psychological development. The children are the foundation of a future generation and their disrupted development would greatly affect the development on a national level. The children who are under the age of 18 years experience physical, sexual and emotional maltreatment, negligence and exploitation that potentially affect the health, development, survival and dignity in children. About 14 million children are subjected to abuse as reported by International Statistics on child abuse (Pipe, Lamb, Orbach and Cederborg 2013). Global awareness is required in context to child abuse and World Health Organization is taking initiatives through the meetings, setting up of policies and different prevention strategies on child abuse or neglect. The child abuse related rules and regulations are being addresses by every country to create awareness, take steps to prevent it by sharing common objectives, visions and strategies (Allwood and Widom 2013). The main focus is the formulation of policies which focuses the attention on the child abuse or neglect issue to obtain optimum resources that are required to address the issue. The policy development should also lead to the appropriations of the legislatives and making of a solid budget for allocation. The child abuse policy would initiate community and national level interventions that would avoid the overlapping and gaps in the development of programs. The policy on child abuse or neglect is basically a written document that mentions the joint actions taken by the government and nongovernmental organizations. The policy is made with an intention to create awareness, mutual understanding about the seriousness of the present situation on child abuse, articulation of the ethical principles that clearly states and justify the guide action (Blank and Burau 2013). It also generates vision on the undertaken actions, action framework, and the definition of institutional responsibilities and coordination mechanisms that engages a variety of organizations. It is considered as a set of principles that guide the decision making and proposed framework for the activities. Concisely, the child abuse or neglect policy is a document that chalks out the basic principles, defining goals, objectives, actions that are prioritized, mechanisms for controlling and preventing the child abuse or neglect injuries and reduction of the related physical and men tal consequences. The child abuse is measured in a range of situations that define the reasons. The emotional abuse, neglect, physical abuse, family violence and sexual abuse are the types of child abuse. The emotional abuse is the emotional and psychosocial abuse of the child. Some parents are emotionally abuse or be violent while treating their children. Children can be emotionally abused at homes as well as in schools. In Australia, child neglect refers to the situations in which the childs needs are not fulfilled by the parents or the caregivers in context to food, shelter, and clothing, access to medical care, love, support and education. The physical abuse in Australia is encountered in domestic violence in Australia and parents physically abuse their children. The Australian community is raising recognition in terms of child abuse or neglect. The policy is related to legislation as it gets ratified in becoming the part of the legislation. The introduction of new laws that formulate a policy establishing a system at the national level for the prevention of child abuse or neglect and the development of the policy is the most important step (Widom, Czaja and DuMont 2015). The only difference lies between a policy and legislation is that policy is not a legal document and legislation consists of laws enacted by law makers. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child imposes implications for the protection of child from abuse or neglect. The policy document signing shows the willingness of the countries to abide by the proposed set goals and principles. The ratification and signing of international treaty that provides a framework that is legal and applied to governments at the national levels that helps in increasing the accountability, policy development, legislative reform and provide a supportive environment f or the child abuse or neglect prevention. The civil societies also use the international agreements to advocate reformations in the laws for the countries. The World Health Assembly resolutions are adopted by regional committees, World Health Organization in the making of policy by the policy makers that lays the foundation for political support in making of national policies. The health sector plays an important role in taking care for the child abuse victims and not necessarily considering the prevention of the child abuse or neglect. The leadership role comprises of the assessment of the initial situation, raising awareness among the government partners, advocate and create, draft policies. The ministry of health collects data from the sectors and provides evidence based research is the catalytic role. The coordinating role is the main function to overcome the barriers that are institutional between the sectors and provide a collaborative environment. It also provides a supportive role by improving the hospital based data for better monitoring of the evaluation methods. If the political leaders are made aware regarding the seriousness of the child abuse or neglect problem, then the ground is set for the creation of national policy on the child abuse or neglect. Development of policy in response to child abuse or neglect The execution of policy development occurs in three phases. The initiation of process of policy development and identification of the roles of main stakeholders, the drafting of policy is the second phase and the third phase comprises of the endorsement and official approval of the policy. The phase one comprises of four steps including assessment of the situation, raising awareness, identification of the leadership and political commitments and final step is the involvement of the stakeholders and creation of ownership. The phase two consists of three steps like the defining of the framework, setting of the objectives and interventions and the third step is the leading of the policy into action. Finally, the third phase is the seeking of approval from the government and stakeholder and getting state endorsements (Nanda and Pring 2012). Initiation of process of policy development This phase consists of the assessment of the current scenario with respect to child abuse or neglect, creating awareness for the issue, political sense of leadership and commitment and involvement of stakeholders. For the assessment of a situation, a good understanding is required regarding the epidemiology, intervention, existing policies of child abuse or neglect and a n analysis of stakeholders. This assessment step helps in widening the scope for the directed policy making where every type of child abuse is tackled and linked to the health strategies and plans. The epidemiological assessment is the collection of data at the national level. It gives a clear picture of the incidence of child abuse, causes, risks and other protective factors. The intervention assessment gives a clear view of the existing interventions that are I tended to prevent child abuse or neglect. It also helps to reduce the harmful consequences of the child abuse. The assessment of the existing health policie s, laws and regulations would help to frame the new policy. The implementation of the current policies and the regulations are the important steps involved in it. The analysis of stakeholders would help to throw light on the social environment where the development of the policy is being undertaken. The government departments, institutions and nongovernmental organizations are the potential stakeholders. The raising of awareness about child abuse along with community education and advocacy influences public, policy making opinions and programs that are helpful in mobilizing the policy development process. The leadership and political commitment is required for policy development as the policy stretches beyond a particular sector at the national level. The main leadership quality is to coordinate inputs directed towards policy making. The involvement of stakeholders increases motivation and ownership. It encompasses stakeholders that are empowered to solve the issue for which the policy is being made. Community participation is important to tackle abuse and develop policy. Formulation of policy The defining of framework is the recommended approach to policy documentation, direction and overall shaping of the policy. The goals and objectives of the policy, timeframe and the guiding principles of the policy are defined in this step. It should also justify the policy needs, data recourse, mortality and morbidity related to child abuse. The human rights, equity and social justice, autonomy, dignity and community involvement are the general principles that guide the policy making. The setting of objectives and interventions consists of main body og policy. The outcomes of policy implementation define the objective, requirement of base line data for quantifying objective. The objectives include components of child abuse control based on data, setting of sub objectives to address each type of child abuse, identify relevant I interventions and its effectiveness. It also includes sequence of interventions according to their effectiveness. For the implementation phase, it is importan t to set priorities depending on type of child abuse and other factors in shaping of the policy. Prevention is directed more in reducing violence that leads to child abuse and deciding priorities within the scope of making of policy would define the different stakeholders and appropriate interventions. It is also important to define the responsibilities of the institution and coordination of mechanisms between the national entities and ministries in policy documentation (Petersen, Joseph and Feit 2014). Without proper financial and human resources, the policy cannot be developed. The training, costs for implementation, funding sources from national and international agencies decides the degree of success of the policy. The monitoring and evaluation of the policy drafting is the final step. The evaluation of policy helps to know the loopholes in the policy development. Approval seeking and endorsement This is the final step in the policy development starting with approval from stakeholder and government. A consultative meeting of the stakeholders discussing about structure, content of the policy document with each stakeholder commenting on the draft, discussing the opportunities and constraints in the implementation of policy involves the stakeholder approval. The stakeholders hold an important position in policy making and their approval is vital for implementation. The government approval is important before the policy is recognized by a legislative or state body. The government approval gives advantage to a person or organization within government to play leadership role in the process. The policies are required to be approved by the monitories before the state endorsement. The coordination between several ministries and their commitment is desirable for attaining the highest level of approval in policy making. An officially approved policy document helps to considered being be st and resistant in terms of changing political climate and government. A policy that does not seek approval through different legislative or government body faces failure in the long run. Therefore, approving of policy document would help to implement the policy firmly according to political agenda (Buckley and Nolan 2015). References Allwood, M.A. and Widom, C.S., 2013. Child abuse and neglect, developmental role attainment, and adult arrests.Journal of research in crime and delinquency, p.0022427812471177. Anderson, J.E., 2014.Public policymaking. Cengage Learning. 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